Table 1. Annual average water use and critical growth stage of vegetable crops in Texas.
Crop | Inches/A | Critical Need Stage |
Asparagus | 10-18 | establishment and fern development |
Bean, green | 10-15 | bloom and pod set |
Bean, pinto | 15-20 | bloom and pod set |
Beet, table | 10-15 | establishment and early growth |
Broccoli | 20-25 | establishment and heading |
Cabbage | 20-30 | uniform throughout growth |
Cantaloupe | 13-20 | establishment vining to first net |
Carrot | 10-15 | emergence through establishment |
Cauliflower | 20-30 | establishment and 6-7 leaf stage |
Celery | 30-35 | uniform, last month of growth |
Collards/Kale | 12-14 | uniform throughout growth |
Corn, sweet | 20-35 | establishment, tassel elongation, ear development |
Cowpea | 10-15 | bloom, fruit set, pod development |
Cucumber, pickle | 15-20 | establishment, vining, fruit set |
Cucumber, slicer | 20-25 | establishment, vining, fruit set |
Eggplant | 20-35 | bloom through fruit set |
Garlic | 15-20 | rapid growth to maturity |
Lettuce | 8-12 | establishment |
Mustard green | 10-15 | uniform throughout growth |
Okra | 15-20 | uniform throughout growth |
Onion | 25-30 | establishment, bulbing to maturity |
Pepper, bell | 25-35 | establishment, bloom set |
Pepper, jalapeno | 25-30 | uniform throughout growth |
Potato | 20-40 | vining, bloom, tuber initiation |
Pumpkin | 25-30 | 2-4 wk. after emergence, bloom, fruit set and development |
Radish, red globe | 5-10 | rapid growth and development |
Spinach | 10-15 | uniform throughout growth, after each cut if needed |
Squash | 7-10 | uniform throughout growth |
Sweetpotato | 10-20 | uniform until 2-3 wk. prior to anticipated harvest |
Tomato | 20-25 | bloom through harvest |
Turnip | 10-15 | uniform throughout growth |
Watermelon | 10-15 | uniform until 10-14 days prior to anticipated harvest |
Table 2. Suggested varieties for Texas.
Crop | Suggestions |
Asparagus | UC 157, UC 72, UC 500W, UC 72, Jersey Gem, Jersey Giant, Jersey Centennial |
Bean | Green: Benchmark, Blue Lake 274, Derby, Jade, Landmark, Opus, Strike, Flat pod: Calgreen, Magnum, Roma II Pinto: Cinnabar, Bill Z., Fiesta, Othello, Pinata III, Pinray, U.I. 126 |
Beet, table | Detroit Dark Red S.T., Red Ace, Red Cloud, Warrior |
Broccoli | Everst, Heritage, Liberty, Sultan, Marathon, Patriot, Signal, Triathlon |
Cabbage | Blue Vantage, Bravo, Cheers, Emblem, Fortress, Pennant, Solid Blue 790, Solid Blue 760, Vantage Point, Blue Thunder Red Type: Cardinal, Red Jewel, Red Rock, Red Rookie, Rio Grande Red |
Cantaloupe | Caravelle, Chaparral, Cimaron, Copo deOrio, Cruiser, Early Delight, Gold Rush, Impak, Hy-Mark, Mission, Primo, Ovation, Progresso, Super 45 Open Pollinated: TAMUvalde, Perlita, Mainstream |
Carrot | Big Shot,,Candy Stix, Caropak, Cheyenne, Choctaw, Navajo, Sugar Snax, Vita-Sweet, CR 7180, SCR 7248 |
Cauliflower | Candid Charm Gaudian, Imperial 10-6, Incline, Minuteman, Snowball Y Imp., Snow Crown, White magic, Snowman Green type: Alverde, Macerata, Green Harmony, Spiral Point |
Celery | Florida 683, Rocket, Starlet, Summer or Giant Pascal, Utah 52-70 |
Collard | Champion, Flash, Top Bunch, Vates |
Cowpea (Southern Pea) | Pinkeye: Texas Pinkeye, Purple Hull, Pinkeye Purple Hull BVR, Pinkeye Purple Hull, Coronett Blackeye: Blackeye #5, Arkansas #1, Blackeye #46 Cream: Cream 40 Crowder: Brown Sugar, Mississippi Silver, Zipper Greenhouse: Bruneva, Brunex, Vitomil |
Cucumber | Slicer: Conquistador, Dasher II, Daytona, General Lee, Indy, Panther, Pointsett 76, Raider, Slice Master, Slice Nice, Supersett, Sprint 440 II, Tunderbird, Turbo Pickling: Calypso, Carolina, Fancypak M, Flurry, Jackson, Royal |
Eggplant | Black Bell, Black Magic, Epic, Classic, Florida High Bush, Florida Market, Night Shadow Oriental type: Ichibon, Tycoon |
Garlic | Soft neck type: California Early, California Late, Mexican Pink, Creole, Texas White Eggplant type: (not true garlics): Oriental garlic Hardneck type: Roja, German Red, Valencia |
Lettuce | Crisp Head: Great Lakes 659 MT, Mission Loose leaf: Flame, Grand Rapids, Prizehead, Red Sails, Salad Bowl, Two Star, Waldeman’s Green Butter head: Buttercrunch Romaine: Valmine, Paris Island |
Honeydew Melon | Honeybrew, Megabrew, Morning Ice |
Kale | Blue Armor, Blue Arrow, Blue Knight, Dwarf Scotch, Vates, Imp. Dwarf Siverian |
Mustard Green | Green Wave, Tendergreen, Southern Giant Curl, Florida Broadleaf |
Okra | Clemson Spineless, Lee, Emerald, Clemson 80, Green Best, Cajun Delight, Lee Compact Type: Annie Oakley, Prelude, Blondy |
Onion | Short Day: Yellow– Chula Vista, Cougar, Diamante, Encino, Jaguar, Linda Vista, Marquesa, Mercedes, Riojas, Sweet Sunrise, TX 1015, 6996 Red– Rio, Rio Santiago White– Diamante, Krystal, Texas Early White Intermediate Day: Yellow- Caballero, Cimarron , Riviera , Sierra Blanca, Utopia, Yula Red– Fuego White– Alabaster , Duro, Spano Long Day: Yellow– Armada, Blanco Duro, Capri, Durango, El Charo, Ole’, Seville, Sweet Perfection, Valdez:, Vega, Vaquero Red– Tango White– Sterling |
Pepper | Bell: Aladdin, Capistrano, Camelot X3R, Early Sunsation, Jupiter, Pip, Red Knight, Summersweet 840, Taurus, Valiant, X3R Wizard Jalapeno: Coyama, Grande, Mitla, Ole~, Perfecto, TAM Mild-1, TAM Veracruz, Tula, Tulleon Summer Heat 5000, Summer Heat 6000, X3R-Ixtapa, Spp 7603 Serrano: Fiesta, Tampico, Tuxtlas |
Potato | Russet: Russet Norkatah, Norgold M, Century Russet White: Alantic, Gemchip, Chipeta, Kennebec Red: Red LaSoda, Viking, Pontiac Yellow Flesh: Yukon Gold |
Pumpkin | Mini: Jack-Be-Little, Muchkin, Pro Gold 100 Small: Small Sugar, Triple Treat, Streaker, Pro Gold 300, Oz, Spookie Large: Appalachin, Connecticut Field, Ghost Rider, Howden, Happy Jack, Magic, Pro Gold 500, Pro Gold 510, Trickster, Wizard Mammoth: Alantic, Giant, Big Mac, Big Max, Howden Biggie, Prizewinner |
Spinach | Fresh: Fall Green, Samish,, Winter Green (Ark 88-310) Processing: ACX 5044, F 380, ACX 3633, ACX 2615, 6710157 |
Squash (Yellow) | Straight Neck: General Patton, Golden Girl, Goldbar, Gold Spike, Lemon Drop L., Multipik, PS- 391 Crook Neck: Bandit, Dixie, Early Golden, Freedom II, Goldslice, Goldie, Liverator III, Medallion, Meigs, Prelude II, Pavo, Supersett, Sunrise Zucchini: Commander, Enterprise, Independence II, President, Senator, ACX 34 |
Sweet Corn | Standard: Merit Y, Jubilee Y, Silver Queen W Se: Calico Belle B, Guadalupe Gold, Kandy Korn, Snowbelle w, Sweet G-90 B, Temptation B Sh2: Challenger Y, Dazzle, Even Sweeter W, Endeavor Y, Florida Staysweet Y, Pounchline Y, Summersweet 7710 Y, Sweetie 82 Y, Frontier W, Summersweet 7211 W, Summersweet 7210Y, Summersweet 8102 B Se X Sh2: Sweet Ice, Sweet Symphony, Sweet Rhythm |
Sweet Potato | Orange flesh: Beuregard, Jewel, Excel, Hernandez Gold flesh: Shore Gold White flesh: Sumor, White Delight |
Tomato | Standard: Bingo, Carnival, Celebrity, Florida 51, Merced, Sanibel, Spitfire, Sunbeam, Sunrise, Summer Flavor 5000 Heat set: ACX 12, Florida 91, Florasette, Heatwave, Sunchaser, Surefire Processing: ACX 8625, Aztec,Casa Del Sol, Chico III, Ohio 8245, TX III, XP 671, Yaqui |
Turnip | Greens: All Top, Alamo, Topper Roots: Purple Top White Globe, Royal Globe, Shogoin, York, Seven Top, Tokyo Cross, White Lady, Royal Crown |
Watermelon | Hybrids: Big Stripe, Royal Sweet, Royal Flush, Sentinel, Stargazer, Stars-N-Stripes, Summer Flavor 800, Summergold Y Seedless(Triploids): Crimson Trio, Tri X313, Caurosel, Revolution, Summer Flavor 5244 Open Pollinated: Allsweet, JubileeII, Legacy |
Table 3. Fertilizer Requirements of Selected Vegetable Crops.
Generalized Requirement Range | Apply when Soil Test is very low | |||||
Crop | N | P | K | N | P | K |
Green Bean | 60-80 | 80-100 | 60-80 | 75 | 90 | 100 |
Pinto Bean | 40-60 | 80-120 | 80-120 | 70 | 80 | 100 |
Beets | 60-80 | 60-80 | 80-100 | 100 | 80 | 100 |
Cantaloupe | 40-100 | 60-100 | 60-100 | 120 | 80 | 120 |
Carrot | 30-80 | 60-100 | 60-100 | 100 | 80 | 100 |
Cauliflower | 60-100 | 120-170 | 60-80 | 150 | 90 | 120 |
Swiss Chard | 120 | 80-100 | 100-120 | 120 | 90 | 160 |
Collards & Kale | 60-100 | 80-100 | 80-100 | 150 | 90 | 150 |
Cucumber | 40-100 | 90-100 | 140-150 | 120 | 80 | 120 |
Eggplant | 70-115 | 90-120 | 150-200 | 145 | 90 | 160 |
Lettuce | 60-90 | 100-120 | 120-170 | 100 | 80 | 120 |
Mustard | 60-90 | 80-120 | 120-170 | 100 | 80 | 120 |
Okra | 60-80 | 60-80 | 120-170 | 80 | 70 | 90 |
Onion (Dry bulb) | 60-90 | 60-70 | 100-170 | 120 | 80 | 100 |
Onion (Green) | 60-80 | 80-120 | 60-80 | 100 | 80 | 100 |
Pea (Southern) | 20-60 | 50-100 | 40-120 | 60 | 50 | 40 |
Pea (English) | 20-80 | 50-80 | 40-150 | 20 | 50 | 40 |
Pepper | 30-80 | 50-80 | 80-120 | 160 | 80 | 150 |
Potato (Irish) | 80-160 | 80-120 | 80-120 | 180 | 100 | 200 |
Potato (Sweet) | 40-60 | 50-120 | 120-180 | 80 | 90 | 160 |
Pumpkin | 60-80 | 80-100 | 110-140 | 120 | 80 | 140 |
Radish | 40-60 | 50-80 | 70-120 | 90 | 50 | 100 |
Spinach | 60-70 | 110-140 | 110-140 | 150 | 80 | 125 |
Squash (Summer) | 60-70 | 65-140 | 110-140 | 100 | 65 | 120 |
Squash (Winter) | 60-70 | 100-140 | 110-140 | 110 | 80 | 125 |
Sweet Corn | 120 | 70-120 | 80-100 | 140 | 85 | 100 |
Tomato | 60-80 | 60-70 | 110-140 | 150 | 80 | 150 |
Turnip (Roots) | 36-80 | 50-120 | 70-120 | 80 | 50 | 100 |
Turnip (Tops) | 36-80 | 80-120 | 70-120 | 80 | 50 | 100 |
Watermelon | 40-90 | 40-60 | 40-60 | 120 | 75 | 130 |
TAEX recommendations
Table 4. Approximate Absorption of Nutrients by Traditional Vegetable Crops.
Vegetable | Yield(cwt./acre) | Nutrient Absorption (lb./acre) | ||
N | P | K | ||
Bean, green | 100 beans Plants |
120 50 170 |
10 6 16 |
55 45 100 |
Broccoli | 100 heads Other |
20 145 165 |
2 8 10 |
45 165 210 |
Brussels sprouts | 160 sprouts Other |
150 85 235 |
20 9 29 |
125 110 235 |
Carrot | 500 roots Tops |
80 65 145 |
20 5 25 |
200 145 345 |
Celery | 1000 tops Roots |
170 25 195 |
35 15 50 |
380 55 435 |
Corn, sweet | 130 ears Plants |
55 100 155 |
8 12 20 |
30 75 105 |
Honeydew melon | 290 fruits Vines |
70 135 205 |
8 15 23 |
65 95 160 |
Lettuce | 350 plants | 95 | 12 | 170 |
Muskmelon | 225 fruits Vines |
95 60 155 |
17 8 25 |
120 35 155 |
Onion | 400 bulbs Tops |
110 35 145 |
20 5 25 |
110 45 155 |
Pepper | 225 fruits Plants |
45 95 140 |
6 6 12 |
50 90 140 |
Pea, shelled | 40 peas Vines |
100 70 170 |
10 12 22 |
30 50 80 |
Potato | 400 tubers Vines |
150 60 210 |
19 11 30 |
200 75 275 |
Spinach | 200 Plants | 100 | 12 | 100 |
Sweet Potato | 300 roots Vines |
80 60 140 |
16 4 20 |
160 40 200 |
Tomato | 600 fruits | 100 80 180 |
10 11 21 |
180 100 280 |
Source: Knott’s Vegetable Growers Handbook. 4th edition. Don Maynard and George Hochmut.
Table 5. Typical Composition of Manures and Other Organic Fertilizer Sources.
Manures vary greatly in their nutrient content according to the kind of feed used, the percentage and type of litter or bedding, the moisture content, and the age and degree of rotting or drying.. The following data are representative analyses from several reports.
Moisture % | Approximate Composition (lb/ton) | |||
N | P2O5 | K2O | ||
Fresh Manure with Bedding or Litter | ||||
Cow | 86 | 11 | 4 | 10 |
Duck | 61 | 22 | 29 | 10 |
Goose | 67 | 22 | 11 | 10 |
Hen | 73 | 22 | 22 | 10 |
Hog | 87 | 11 | 6 | 9 |
Horse | 80 | 13 | 5 | 13 |
Sheep | 70 | 20 | 15 | 21 |
Steer or feed yard | 85 | 12 | 7 | 11 |
Turkey | 74 | 26 | 14 | 10 |
Dried Commercial Products | ||||
Cow | 21 | 20 | 20 | 38 |
Hen | 13 | 31 | 35 | 40 |
Hog | 10 | 45 | 42 | 20 |
Rabbit | 16 | 26 | 31 | 32 |
Sheep | 10 | 32 | 25 | 41 |
Stockyard | 17 | 25 | 24 | 42 |
Alfalfa hay | 10 | 50 | 11 | 50 |
Alfalfa straw | 7 | 28 | 7 | 36 |
Barley hay | 9 | 23 | 11 | 33 |
Barley straw | 10 | 12 | 5 | 32 |
Bean straw | 11 | 20 | 6 | 25 |
Beggarweed hay | 9 | 50 | 12 | 56 |
Buckwheat straw | 11 | 14 | 2 | 48 |
Clover hay
|
11 |
35 |
21 |
70 |
Cowpea hay | 10 | 60 | 13 | 36 |
Cowpea straw | 9 | 20 | 5 | 38 |
Field pea hay | 11 | 28 | 11 | 30 |
Horse bean hay | 9 | 43 | ||
Lezpedeza hay | 11 | 41 | 8 | 22 |
Lezpedeza straw | 10 | 21 | ||
Oat hay | 12 | 26 | 9 | 20 |
Oat straw | 10 | 13 | 5 | 33 |
Ryegrass hay | 11 | 26 | 11 | 25 |
Rye hay | 9 | 21 | 8 | 25 |
Rye straw | 7 | 11 | 4 | 22 |
Sorghum stover, Hegari | 13 | 18 | 4 | |
Soybean hay | 12 | 46 | 11 | 20 |
Soybean straw | 11 | 13 | 6 | 15 |
Sudan grass hay | 11 | 28 | 12 | 31 |
Sweet corn fodder | 12 | 30 | 8 | 24 |
Velvet bean hay | 7 | 50 | 11 | 53 |
Vetch hay
|
11 |
43 |
15 |
53 |
Wheat hay | 10 | 20 | 8 | 35 |
Wheat straw | 8 | 12 | 3 | 19 |
Miscellaneous Organic Materials | ||||
Bat guano | 200 | 80 | 40 | |
Blood | 260 | 40 | 20 | |
Bone meal, raw | 60 | 440 | ||
Bone meal, steamed | 20 | 300 | ||
Castor bean meal | 100 | 40 | 20 | |
Cotton seed meal | 120 | 60 | 30 | |
Fish meal | 200 | 120 | ||
Garbage tankage | 50 | 40 | 20 | |
Peanut meal | 140 | 30 | 24 | |
Sewage sludge | 30 | 25 | 8 | |
Sewage sludge, act. | 120 | 60 | 4 | |
Soybean meal | 140 | 24 | 30 | |
Tankage | 140 | 200 | 30 |
Table 6. Crop sensitivity to soil pH.
Crop |
Ideal pH
|
Acceptable Range
|
Slight alkaline tolerance (pH>7.5)
|
Slight acid tolerance |
Moderate acid tolerance
(6.8-5.5) |
Strong acid tolerance
(6.8-5.0) |
Asparagus | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Bean | 6.5 | 5.5-6.8 |
X
|
X
|
||
Beet | 6.5 | 6.0-8.0 |
X
|
X
|
||
Broccoli | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Cabbage | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Cantaloupe | 6.5 | 6.0-8.0 |
X
|
X
|
||
Carrot | 6.5 | 5.5-7.8 |
X
|
X
|
||
Cauliflower | 6.5 | 6.0-7.8 |
X
|
X
|
||
Celery | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Collard | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Cowpea (Southern pea) | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Cucumber | 5.5 | 6.3-7.5 |
X
|
X
|
||
Eggplant | 6.5 | 5.5-7.2 |
X
|
|||
Garlic | 6.5 | 6.0-8.4 |
X
|
X
|
||
Lettuce | 6.5 | 6.0-7.6 |
X
|
X
|
||
Mustard green | 6.3 | 5.5-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Okra | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Onion | 6.3 | 6.0-8.4 |
X
|
X
|
||
Pepper | 6.5 | 5.5-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Potato | 6 | 5.0-7.8 |
X
|
X
|
||
Pumpkin | 6.5 | 5.5-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Radish | 6.5 | 6.0-7.0 |
X
|
|||
Spinach | 7 | 6.5-8.0 |
X
|
X
|
||
Squash | 6.5 | 6.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Sweet corn | 6.5 | 6.0-7.0 |
X
|
|||
Sweet potato | 6.5 | 5.0-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Tomato | 6.5 | 5.5-7.3 |
X
|
|||
Turnip | 6.5 | 5.5-7.5 |
X
|
|||
Watermelon | 6 | 6.5-7.0 |
X
|
X
|
Table 7. Texas Department of Agriculture approved materials list.
Allowed
|
Allowed with Restrictions |
Acetic acid | Alcohol (synthetic) |
Adhesives (natural) | Ammonium carbonate |
Agar (carageenen kombu, nori) | Ammonium soaps |
Alcohol (natural) | Antibiotics |
Alfalfa meal | Arsenic (copper chromic arsenate) |
Alginated | Ash (natural) |
Antitranspirants (natural) | Bleach (sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorite) |
Ascorbic acid | Blood meal |
Attapulgite clay (Fuller’s Earth) | Bone meal |
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) | Bordeaux mixtures |
Ballons & other inflatable traps | Botanical insecticides |
Barriers or repellents | Calcium chloride |
Banana oil | Calcium lignosulfate (ligninosulfonate) |
Beeswax | Caustic soda |
Beneficial organisms | Chelates |
Biodynamic preparations | Chilean nitrae (mined nitrate of soda and Chile saltpeter) |
Biological controls | Cocoa bean hulls (cocoa shell meal) |
Bird traps or netting (mechanical) | Copper hydroxide |
Blue-green algae | Corn calcium |
Borax (sodium borate) | Cotton gin trash |
Boric acid | Cottonseed meal |
Boron products | Deer and rabbit repellents |
Calcium carbonate (aragonite) | Epsom salts (magnesium sulfate) |
Calcium phosphate (dibasic, monobasic, & tribasic) | Fish emulsions |
Calcium sulfate (anhydrite and gypsum) | Fish meal |
Carbon dioxide gas | Fruit waxes (natural) |
Citric acid | Fulvic acid |
Citrus oil | Gibberelic acid (sugar carrier based) |
Coconut oil | Hydrated lime (slake lime) |
Composts | Ligninosulfonate |
Compost tea | Lime (calcium hydroxide, caustic lime) |
Copper | Lime sulfur (calciumpolysulfide) |
Copper sulfate | Magnesium chloride |
Corn starch | Micronutrient sprays |
Cytokinins | Muriate of potash (potassium chloride) |
Detergents | Mushroom compost |
Diatomaceous earth | Neem extracts (powder and seeds) |
Dolomite | Nematocides (sea animal based) |
Dormant oils | Niter |
Earthworm castings | Nitrate of soda-potash |
Enzymes (natural, amylase, protease, lipase and cellulase) | Nitrogen gas |
Feather meal | Oleic acid |
Feldspar (potassium aluminosilicate) | Ortho-phosphoric acid |
Fungi (entomopathic) | Oxalic acid |
Garlic | Petroleum distillates (mineral oils & parafinic oil) |
Gelatin waxes | Petroleum oil spray adjuvants (spreader-stickers and carriers) |
Glycerin | Pheromones (mating disruption) |
Granite dust | Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) |
Grape & other pomaces | Polyvinyl alcohol |
Greensand (glauconite) | Potassium sulfate |
Growth enhancers | Pyrethrums |
Guano (bat or bird) | Quassia |
Gums (natural) | Rotenone |
Gums | Ryania |
Gypsum | Sabadilla |
Herbal preparations | Seeds (treated with synthetic materials) |
Hoof and horn meal | Soda ash |
Humates | Sodium molybdate |
Humic acid derivatives | Sodium nitrate |
Hydrogen peroxide | Sodium silicate |
Insect extracts | Stearic acid |
Insect feeding stimulants | Sugar beet lime |
Kelp extracts | Sulfate of potash |
Kelp meal | Sulfates of zinc or iron |
Kiesertie (magnesium sulfate and epsomite) | Sulfur (brimstone or flowers of sulfur) |
Kiln dust | Transplants (non-certified organically grown) |
Langbeinite | Vitamin D3 |
Lignite | Wood ash |
Lime & fluid limestone | Zeolite (natural) |
Magnesium carbonate (magnesite) | |
Malic acid | |
Manures (animal) | |
Manure tea | |
Marl | |
Mechanical and cultural controls | |
Microbial diseases | |
Microbial plant, soil, compost and seed inoculants | |
Mined minerals | |
Mineral salts | |
Mulches | |
Nematocides (natural) | |
Nematodes | |
Newspaper mulch | |
Nosema species | |
Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) | |
Oystershell lime | |
Peanut meal | |
Peat moss | |
Pectin | |
Perlite | |
pH buffers (natural) | |
Pheromones (monitoring) | |
Phosphate rock (phosphorite) | |
Pine (tall) oil | |
Plant extracts | |
Potato starch | |
Propolis | |
Protozoa | |
Rodent traps | |
Rice hulls | |
Salt | |
Saw dust | |
Seaweed and seaweed extracts |
Note: Periodically check with TDA to make certain products are still on approved list.
Table 8. The National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances
§ 205.600 Evaluation criteria for allowed and prohibited substances, methods, and ingredients.
The following criteria will be utilized in the evaluation of substances or ingredients for the organic production and handling sections of the National List:
(a) Synthetic and nonsynthetic substances considered for inclusion on or deletion from the National List of allowed and prohibited substances will be evaluated using the criteria specified in the Act (7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518). (b) In addition to the criteria set forth in the Act, any synthetic substance used as a processing aid or adjuvant will be evaluated against the following criteria:
(c) Nonsynthetics used in organic processing will be evaluated using the criteria specified in the Act (7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518). |
§ 205.601 Synthetic substances allowed for use in organic crop production.
In accordance with restrictions specified in this section, the following synthetic substances may be used in organic crop production:
(a) As algicide, disinfectants, and sanitizer, including irrigation system cleaning systems
(b) As herbicides, weed barriers, as applicable.
(c) As compost feedstocks
(d) As animal repellents
(e) As insecticides (including acaricides or mite control)
(f) As insect attractants
(g) As rodenticides
(h) As slug or snail bait
(i) As plant disease control
(j) As plant or soil amendments.
(k) As plant growth regulators
(l) As floating agents in postharvest handling
(m) As synthetic inert ingredients as classified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), for use with nonsynthetic substances or synthetic substances listed in this section and used as an active pesticide ingredient in accordance with any limitations on the use of such substances.
(n)-(z) [Reserved] |
§ 205.602 Nonsynthetic substances prohibited for use in organic crop production.
The following nonsynthetic substances may not be used in organic crop production:
(a) Ash from manure burning (b) Arsenic (c) Lead salts (d) Sodium fluoaluminate (mined) (e) Strychnine (f) Tobacco dust (nicotine sulfate) (g) Potassium chloride – unless derived from a mined source and applied in a manner that minimizes chloride accumulation in the soil. (h) Sodium nitrate – unless use is restricted to no more than 20% of the crop’s total nitrogen requirement. (i)-(z) [Reserved] |
§ 205.603 Synthetic substances allowed for use in organic livestock production.
In accordance with restrictions specified in this section the following synthetic substances may be used in organic livestock production:
(a) As disinfectants, sanitizer, and medical treatments as applicable
(b) As topical treatment, external parasiticide or local anesthetic as applicable.
(c) As feed supplements
(d) As feed additives
(e) As synthetic inert ingredients as classified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), for use with nonsynthetic substances or a synthetic substances listed in this section and used as an active pesticide ingredient in accordance with any limitations on the use of such substances. |
§ 205.604 Nonsynthetic substances prohibited for use in organic livestock production.
The following nonsynthetic substances may not be used in organic livestock production:
(a) Strychnine (b)-(z) [Reserved] |
§ 205.605 Nonagricultural (nonorganic) substances allowed as ingredients in or on processed products labeled as “organic” or “made with organic (specified ingredients or food group(s)).”
The following nonagricultural substances may be used as ingredients in or on processed products labeled as “organic” or “made with organic (specified ingredients or food group(s))” only in accordance with any restrictions specified in this section.
(a) Nonsynthetics allowed:
(b) Synthetics allowed:
(c)-(z) [Reserved] |
§ 205.606 Nonorganically produced agricultural products allowed as ingredients in or on processed products labeled as organic or made with organic ingredients.
The following nonorganically produced agricultural products may be used as ingredients in or on processed products labeled as “organic” or “made with organic (specified ingredients or food group(s))” only in accordance with any restrictions specified in this section.
Any nonorganically produced agricultural product may be used in accordance with the restrictions specified in this section and when the product is not commercially available in organic form.
(a) Cornstarch (native) (b) Gums – water extracted only (arabic, guar, locust bean, carob bean) (c) Kelp – for use only as a thickener and dietary supplement (d) Lecithin – unbleached (e) Pectin (high-methoxy) |
§ 205.607 Amending the National List.
(a) Any person may petition the National Organic Standard Board for the purpose of having a substance evaluated by the Board for recommendation to the Secretary for inclusion on or deletion from the National List in accordance with the Act. (b) A person petitioning for amendment of the National List should request a copy of the petition procedures from the USDA at the address in § 205.607(c). (c) A petition to amend the National List must be submitted to: Program Manager, USDA/AMS/TMP/NOP, Room 2945, South Building, P.O. Box 96456, Washington, DC 20090-6456. |